Sunday, February 10, 2013

The U.S. Federal Reserve – Good or Bad?


The U.S. Federal Reserve – Good or Bad?
By Leon Howard

I have studied this from the aspect of a working stiff, trying to make ends meet and creating a decent retirement. There are those who wholly support the Federal Reserve System and there are those who totally despise it.  I have joined the latter.  You should know why.

Supporters try to tell us the Federal Reserve is there to “control” inflation and prevent depressions – from a working stiff’s prospective that is pure fabrication!  What about the depression you never hear of: The Depression of 1920-1921?  Here, the nation actually followed what Austrian economists recommend: The government slashed their budget and the Federal Reserve raised their prime interest rate and the depression ended by 1923 and produced the “Roaring 20’s”![1]/[2]/[3]

I had one ‘progressive’ tell me he’d rather Allen Greenspan (this was a few years ago) would print more fiat money than to rely on a commodities-based currency, like gold and silver.   At the time I thought he was an idiot and, after learning what a ‘progressive’ was, I knew he was an idiot!  Another conservative feared that if we went back to the Gold Standard, the government would manipulate the value of gold and silver.  The only thing I can think of here is that could very well be the case if the Federal Reserve were in charge of our monetary system when we switch back to the Gold Standard but that is not what I would propose.  I want the Federal Reserve Act rescinded and the Congress, once again, fulfilling their Constitutional duties, as stated in Article I, Section 8, Line #5:  “To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures … ” Something we must always keep in mind is what our founders thought on any subject and this subject is one of the more important ones.  Do not listen to those ‘progressives’ and teachers who try to tell us our founders were a bunch of rich older slave owners who were looking out for themselves because that is a bald-faced lie!  President John F. Kennedy called a meeting of his Cabinet at the White House and when the meeting began, JFK said, “This is the most intelligence gathered together here since Thomas Jefferson dined here by himself!”
 So what did Thomas Jefferson have to say about central banks, which is what the Federal Reserve is but even worse, the Federal Reserve is privately-owned! "I believe that banking institutions are more dangerous to our liberties than standing armies...If the American people ever allow private banks to control the issue of their currency, first by inflation, then by deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow up around [the banks]...will deprive the people of all property until their children wake-up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered... The issuing power should be taken from the banks and restored to the people, to whom it properly belongs." …Thomas Jefferson -- The Debate Over the Recharter of the Bank Bill, (1809)  How profound!  And aren’t we almost there now?

When the Congress was debating the Federal Reserve Act, we had at least one congressman warning against its passage: “This [Federal Reserve Act] establishes the most gigantic trust on earth.  When the President [Wilson] signs this bill, the invisible government of the monetary power will be legalized…. The worst legislative crime of the ages is perpetrated by this banking and currency bill.”  Congressman Charles A. Lindbergh, Sr., 1913

“From now on, depressions will be scientifically created.”  Congressman Charles A. Lindbergh, Sr., 1913

Every now and then, there is a congressman or senator who speaks out against the Federal Reserve; Rep. Louis T. McFadden, Chairman of the Committee on Banking and Currency for 12 years as quoted from the Congressional Record: ”The Federal Reserve Board, ..., has cheated the Government of the United States and the people of the United States out of enough money to pay the national debt...Our people's money to the extent of $1,200,000,000 has within the last few months been shipped abroad to redeem Federal Reserve Notes and to pay other gambling debts of the traitorous Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Banks...”  McFadden was elected to Congress in 1914 and served until 1934.  Though a Republican, he moved to impeach President Herbert Hoover in 1932 and introduced a resolution to bring conspiracy charges against the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve. [4]

He also made a 25-minute speech on the House floor accusing the Federal Reserve of deliberately causing the Depression.  At the time, the chairman of the Federal Reserve Board was Eugene Meyer, who resigned after Franklin D. Roosevelt was inaugurated as president in 1933, and purchased the Washington Post at a bankruptcy auction. [5]

Later in 1933, McFadden introduced House Resolution No. 158, Articles of Impeachment for the Secretary of the Treasury, two assistant Secretaries of the Treasury, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve, and the officers and directors of its twelve regional banks.  This was McFadden’s political swan song.  In the election of 1934, he lost his reelection bid to a Democrat by 561 votes.

In 1937, Rep. Charles G. Binderup of Nebraska, realizing the consequences of the Federal Reserve System, called for the Government to buy all the stock, and to create a new Board controlled by Congress to regulate the value of the currency and the volume of bank deposits, thus eliminating the Fed's independence.  He was defeated for re-election.

Others have also tried to introduce various Bills to control the Federal Reserve: Rep. Goldborough (1935), Rep. Jerry Voorhis of California (1940, 1943), Sen. M. M. Logan of Kentucky, and Rep. Usher L. Burdick of North Dakota.[6]

“Most Americans have no real understanding of the operation of the international money lenders.  The accounts of the Federal Reserve System have never been audited.  It operates outside the control of Congress and manipulates the credit of the United States.”  Senator Barry Goldwater (R) Arizona.

Rep. Wright Patman of Texas (who was the House Banking Chairman until 1975), said in 1952:"In fact there has never been an independent audit of any the twelve banks of the Federal Reserve Board that has been filed with the Congress ... For 40 years the system, while freely using the money of the government, has not made a proper accounting."[7]

Patman said that the Federal Open Market Committee (who, in addition to the Board of Governors, decides the country's monetary policy) is "one of the most secret societies. These twelve men decide what happens in the economy ... In making decisions they check with no one -- not the President, not the Congress, not the people."

Patman also said: "In the United States we have, in effect, two governments ... We have the duly constituted Government ... Then we have an independent, uncontrolled and uncoordinated government in the Federal Reserve System, operating the money powers which are reserved to Congress by the Constitution."

During his career, Patman sought to force the Fed to allow an independent audit, lessen the influence of the large banks, shorten the terms of the Fed Governors, expose it to regular Congressional review just like any other Federal agency, and to have only officials nominated by the President and confirmed by Congress to be on the Federal Open Market Committee.

In 1967, Patman tried to have them audited, and on January 22, 1971, introduced H.R. 11, which would have altered its organization, diminishing much of its power.  He was later removed from the Chairmanship of the House Banking and Currency Committee, which he held for years.

On January 22, 1971, Rep. John R. Rarick of Louisiana introduced H.R. 351: "To vest in the Government of the United States the full, absolute, complete, and unconditional ownership of the twelve Federal Reserve Banks."

He said: "The Federal Reserve is not an agency of government.  It is a private banking monopoly."  He was later defeated in a bid for re-election.

During the 1980's, Rep. Phil Crane of Illinois introduced House Resolution H.R. 70 that called for an annual audit of the Fed (which never came to a full vote), and Rep. Henry Gonzales of Texas introduced H.R. 1470, that called for the repeal of the Federal Reserve Act.  The Federal Reserve System has never been audited, and their meetings, and minutes of those meetings, are not open to the public.  They have repelled all attempts to be audited.  In 1967, Arthur Burns, the Chairman of the Federal Reserve, said that an audit would threaten the "independence" of the Reserve.

The Fed in the 1970s and 1980s: In 1979, after dismissing Secretary of Treasury Michael Blumenthal, President Jimmy Carter offered the position to David Rockefeller, the CEO of Chase Manhattan Bank, but he turned it down [as he had previously turned down the offer from Nixon].  He also turned down the nomination for the Chairmanship of the Federal Reserve Board. 

Carter then appointed Paul Volcker as Chairman.  Volcker graduated from Princeton with a degree in Economics, and from Harvard with a degree in Public Administration.  He was an economist with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (1952-57), worked at the Chase Manhattan Bank (1957-61), was with the U.S. Treasury Department (1961-65), Deputy Under Secretary for Monetary Affairs (1963-65), Under Secretary for Monetary Affairs (1969-74), and President of the New York Federal Reserve Bank (1975-79).

When Volcker was in the Nixon Administration as the Under Secretary for Monetary Policy and International Affairs, the executive branch official who works most closely with the Federal Reserve, he and Treasury Secretary John Connally helped formulate the policy that took us off the gold standard in 1971, because of the dwindling gold reserves at Fort Knox.  Volcker was chosen because he was the "candidate of Wall Street."  He was a member of the Trilateral Commission, and a major Rockefeller supporter.

Bert Lance, the Georgia banker and political advisor to Carter, who became his Budget Director and was later forced to resign...said that if Volcker was appointed he would be "mortgaging his re-election to the Federal Reserve."  Lance predicted that he would bring high interest rates and high unemployment.  He was confirmed by the Senate Banking Committee in August, 1979, replacing Arthur Burns, an Austrian-born economist who was a CFR member with close ties to the Rockefellers.  Volcker was against a gold-backed dollar or gold being used as a form of currency.  He attempted to tighten the money situation in order to curb the 10% annual growth in the money supply, and to ease the pressure of loan demands.  The result [of his policy] was a dramatic increase in interest rates, which climbed to 13.5% by September, 1979, and then soared to 21.5% by December, 1980.

[We may speculate] that this economic decline was purposely engineered to cause the political decline of Carter.  In response to the rising interest rates, Carter said: "As you well know, I don't have control over the Fed, none at all.  It's carefully isolated from any influence by the President or the Congress.  This has been done for many generations and I think it's a wise thing to do."

During the 1970's, many banks had left the Federal Reserve, and in December, 1979, Volcker told the House Banking Committee that "300 banks with deposits of $18.4 billion have quit the Fed within the past 4-1/2 years," and that another 575 of the remaining 5,480 member banks, with deposits of $70 billion, had indicated that they intended to withdraw.  He said that this would curtail their control over the money supply, and that led Congress, in 1980, to pass the Monetary Control Act, which gave the Federal Reserve control of all banking institutions, regardless if they are members or not.

Even though inflation had skyrocketed to all-time highs, Reagan kept Volcker on.  It was Volcker who started the collapse of the U.S. economy.

Alan Greenspan, who became the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board in 1987, is [also] a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.  He has a bachelor's and master's degree, and a doctorate in Economics from New York University.  He met Ayn Rand, the author of Atlas Shrugged, in 1952 and they became friends.  It is from her that he learned that capitalism "is not only efficient and practical, but also moral."  In February, 1995, the seventh increase in the interest rate, within the period of a year, took place.  This put Greenspan in the limelight, as well as the Federal Reserve.  It was very interesting how the media spin doctors churned out information that totally skirted the issue concerning the Fed's actual role in controlling our economy.

These interests control the Federal Reserve through about 300 stockholders:

  • Rothschild Banks of London and Berlin
  • Lazard Brothers Bank of Paris
  • Israel Moses Seif Bank of Italy
  • Warburg Bank of Hamburg and Amsterdam
  • Lehman Brothers Bank of New York
  • Kuhn, Loeb and Co. of New York
  • Chase Manhattan Bank of New York
  • Goldman, Sachs of New York

Because of the way the Reserve was organized, whoever controls the Federal Reserve Bank of New York controls the system.  About 90 of the 100 largest banks are in this district.

Of the reportedly 203,053 shares of the New York bank:

  • Rockefeller's National City Bank had 30,000 shares
  • Morgan's First National Bank had 15,000 shares
  • Chase National Bank had 6,000 shares
  • National Bank of Commerce (Morgan Guaranty Trust) had 21,000 shares.

A June 15, 1978 Senate Report called "Interlocking Directorates Among the Major U.S. Corporations" revealed that five New York banks had 470 interlocking directorates with 130 major U.S. corporations:

  • Citicorp (97)
  • J.P. Morgan Co. (99)
  • Chase Manhattan (89)
  • Manufacturers Hanover (89)
  • Chemical Bank (96) [8]

You will find these same names as the owners of the International Monetary Fund; in other words: 10 to 12 banking families control over 90% of the world’s wealth!  Surprised?  I was when I learned of this but why hasn’t our government protected us?  Obviously, we have the best government money can buy!

To understand why, you must remember what they said and it has been repeated over and over: Mayer Amschel Bauer Rothschild: “Give me control of a nation’s money and I care not who makes it’s laws.” [9]

 “The few who understand the system, will either be so interested from it’s profits or so dependent on it’s favors, there will be no opposition from that class.” Rothschild Brothers of London, 1863. [10]

The truth has been there the whole time but our government doesn’t want you to see it because they realize you would probably have them tried for theft, fraud, and treason, of which they are guilty.  I condemn the Federal Reserve and think the ill-conceived Federal Reserve Act of 1913, should be repealed and the gold in the Federal Reserve Banks confiscated as partial restitution for the theft they have committed on the American People for 100 Years!

Do you think we can find enough congressmen/women and senators with the intestinal fortitude to get this job done?  I think we know the answer to that … Jackasses and RINOs … There is no courage in either camp!

 Here is what the Federal Reserve has done to the U.S. Dollar, “ … through inflation and then deflation …”


This is why I oppose the Federal Reserve and would repeal the legislation from Jekyll Island!!  Liberty!!!


[1] The Depression You've Never Heard Of: 1920-1921” by Robert P. Murphy: http://www.fee.org/the_freeman/detail/the-depression-youve-never-heard-of-1920-1921#axzz2KRig6zxU
[2] The Forgotten Depression of 1920”  by  Thomas E. Woods, Jr.; you can read it: http://mises.org/daily/3788 
[3] The Forgotten Depression, 1920-1921” by Michael S. Coffman, Ph.D. and Kristie Pelletier at: http://www.newswithviews.com/Coffman/mike128.htm

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